Hyundai Elantra: Charging System / Repair procedures

Hyundai Elantra AD (2016-2020) Service Manual / Engine Electrical System / Charging System / Repair procedures

Inspection

Inspecion Item

•	Battery efficiency inspection

•	Battery voltage inspection

•	Charging voltage insptection

•	General inspection

•	Terminal tightening state inspection

•	Engine/ transaxle ground state inspection

•	Wiring hareness ground state inspection

•	Electrical Specified Value Inspection

•	Vehicle parasitic current inspection

•	Inspect the battery capacity

Battery Efficiency Inspection

•	Check that the battery cables are connected to the correct terminals.

•	Disconnect the battery cables when the battery is given a quick charge.

•	Never disconnect the battery while the engine is running.

•	Inspect the battery test using the load tester and battery tester.

Battery Voltage Inspection

1.	After having driven the vehicle and in the case that 20 minutes have not passed after having stopped the engine, turn the ignition switch ON and turn on the electrical system (headlamp, blower motor, rear defogger etc.) for 60 seconds to remove the surface charge.

2.	Turn the ignition switch OFF and turn off the electrical systems.

Measure the battery voltage between the negative (-) and positive (+) terminals of the battery.

Standard voltage : About 12.5 ~ 12.9V (20°C)

If the voltage is less than specification, charge the battery.

Charging Voltage Insptection

1.	Starting the engine

2.	Turn ON the electrical systems.

3.	While keeping the engine speed at 2,500 rpm.

Measure the battery voltage between the negative (-) and positive (+) terminals of the battery.

Standard voltage : About 13.5 ~ 14.5 V (20°C)

If the voltage is less than specification, charge the battery.

General Inspection

1.	Check that the battery terminals are not loose or corroded. (Refer to Charging System - "Battery")

Check the fuses for continuity.

(1)	Check the alternator fuse for continuity.

(2)

Measure the voltage as shown in the image below.

Standard value : About 0 V

(3)

If the alternator fuse blown, below replace the alternator fuse.

A.	Turn ignition switch OFF and disconnect the battery negative (-) terminal.

B.	Remove the battery positive (+) cable mounting nuts.

C.	Remove the battery positive (+) cable.

D.	Replace the norminal alternator fuse or battery cable.

E.	Install in the reverse order of removal.

(1)	Check the battery sensor fuse for continuity.

(2)	If the alternator fuse blown, replace the battery sensor fuse.

(3)

Measure the voltage as shown in the image below.

Standard Value : About 0 V

Inspect Drive Belt

(1)

Visually check the belt for excessive wear, frayed cords etc.

If any defect has been found, replace the drive belt.

•	Cracks on the rib side of a belt are considered acceptable. If the belt has chunks missing from the ribs, it should be replaced.

4.	Drive belt tension measurement and adjustment. (Refer to Engine Mechanical System - "Drive Belt")

Visually Check Alternator Wiring And Listen For Abnormal Noises

(1)	Check that the wiring is in good condition.

(2)	Check that there is no abnormal noise from the alternator while the engine is running.

Check Discharge Warning Light Circuit

(1)	Warm up the engine and then turn it off.

(2)	Turn off all accessories

(3)	Turn the ignition switch "ON". Check that the discharge warning light is lit.

(4)	Start the engine. Check that the light is lit.. If the light does not go off as specified, troubleshoot the discharge light circuit.

Terminal Tightening State Inspection

•	Alternator B+ terminal state

•	Alternator B+ termina tightening nut

•	Battery positive (+) terminal state

•	Battery positive (+) terminal tightening nut state

•	Battery negative (-) terminal state

•	Battery negative (-) terminal tightening nut state

•	Battery negative (-) terminal mounting bolt tightening state (Chassis ground)

•	Battery sensor negative (-) terminal state (With battery sensor)

•	Battery sensor negative (-) terminal tightening nut state (With battery sensor)

•	Battery sensor negative (-) terminal mounting bolt tightening state (Chassis ground) [With battery sensor]

•	Engine room fuse & relay box positive (+) harness state

•	Engine room fuse & relay box positive (+) harness tightening nut state

•	Check the status of ground fault by chassis paint

Inspection Component Location

1. Alternator B+ terminal
2. Engine room fuse & relay box positive (+) terminal
3. Battery negative (+) terminal

4. Battery negative (-) terminal
5. Chassis ground

Engine/ Transaxle Ground State Inspection

•	Ground state

•	Mounting bolt tightening state (Chassis)

•	Mounting bolt tightening state (Engine)

•	Check the status of ground fault by chassis paint

Wiring hareness ground state inspection

•	Ground state

•	Mounting bolt tightening state (Chassis)

•	Mounting bolt tightening state (Engine)

•	Check the status of ground fault by chassis paint

1. Engine ground (Engine - Chassis)
2. Transaxle ground (Transaxle - Chassis)

•	Check the ground point. (Refer to ETM Harness Layout - "Ground Point")

Electrical Specified Value Inspection (Using the Voltmeter and Ammeter)

Voltage Drop Test Of Alternator Output Wire

This test determines whether or not the wiring between the alternator "B" terminal and the battery (+) terminal is good by the voltage drop method.

(1)

Preparation

A.	Turn the ignition switch to "OFF".

Disconnect the output wire from the alternator "B" terminal. Connect the (+) lead wire of ammeter to the "B" terminal of alternator and the (-) lead wire of ammeter to the output wire. Connect the (+) lead wire of voltmeter to the "B" terminal of alternator and the (-) lead wire of voltmeter to the (+) terminal of battery.

(2)

Test

A.	Start the engine.

B.	Turn on the headlamps and blower motor, and set the engine speed until the ammeter indicates 20A.And then, read the voltmeter at this time.

(3)

Result

The voltmeter may indicate the standard value.

Standard value : 0.2V max

If the value of the voltmeter is higher than expected (above 0.2V max.), poor wiring is suspected. In this case check the wiring from the alternator "B" terminal to the battery (+) terminal. Check for loose connections, color change due to an over-heated harness, etc. Correct them before testing again.

C.	Upon completion of the test, set the engine speed at idle.Turn off the headlamps, blower motor and the ignition switch.

Output Current Test

This test determines whether or not the alternator gives an output current that is equivalent to the normal output.

(1)

Preparation

Prior to the test, check the following items and correct as necessary.

Check the battery installed in the vehicle to ensure that it is good condition. The battery checking method is described in the section "Battery".

The battery that is used to test the output current should be one that has been partially discharged.

With a fully charged battery, the test may not be conducted correctly due to an insufficient load.

Check the tension of the alternator drive belt. The belt tension check method is described in the section "Inspect drive belt".

B.	Turn off the ignition switch.

C.	Disconnect the battery ground cable.

D.	Disconnect the alternator output wire from the alternator "B" terminal.

Connect a DC ammeter (0 to 150A) in series between the "B" terminal and the disconnected output wire. Be sure to connect the (-) lead wire of the ammeter to the disconnected output wire.

•	Tighten each connection securely, as a heavy current will flow. Do not rely on clips.

F.	Connect a voltmeter (0 to 20V) between the "B" terminal and ground. Connect the (+) lead wire to the alternator "B" terminal and (-) lead wire to a good ground.

G.	Connect the battery ground cable.

H.	Leave the engine hood open.

(2)

Test

A.	Check to see that the voltmeter reads as the same value as the battery voltage. If the voltmeter reads 0V, and the open circuit in the wire between alternator "B" terminal and battery (+) terminal or poor grounding is suspected.

B.	Start the engine and turn on the headlamps.

Set the headlamps to high beam and the heater blower switch to HIGH, quickly increase the engine speed to 2,500 rpm and read the maximum output current value indicated by the ammeter.

•	After the engine start up, the charging current quickly drops. Therefore, the above operation must be done quickly to read the maximum current value correctly.

(3)

Result

The ammeter reading must be higher than the limit value. If it is lower but the alternator output wire is in good condition, remove the alternator from the vehicle and test it.

Limit value : Rated current 60%

• The nominal output current value is shown on the nameplate affixed to the alternator body.

•

The output current value changes with the electrical load and the temperature of the alternator itself.Therefore, the nominal output current may not be obtained. If such is the case, keep the headlamps on the cause discharge of the battery, or use the lights of another vehicle to increase the electrical load.

The nominal output current may not be obtained if the temperature of the alternator itself or ambient temperature is too high. In such a case, reduce the temperature before testing again.

B.	Upon completion of the output current test, lower the engine speed to idle and turn off the ignition switch

C.	Disconnect the battery negative (-) terminal.

D.	Remove the ammeter and voltmeter and the engine tachometer.

E.	Connect the alternator output wire to the alternator "B" terminal.

F.	Connect the battery negative (-) terminal.

Regulated Voltage Test

The purpose of this test is to check that the electronic voltage regulator controls voltage correctly.

(1)

Preparation

Prior to the test, check the following items and correct if necessary.

Check that the battery installed on the vehicle is fully charged. The battery checking method is described in the section "Battery".

Check the alternator drive belt tension. The belt tension check method is described in the section "Inspect drive belt".

B.	Turn ignition switch to "OFF".

C.	Disconnect the battery negative (-) terminal.

D.	Connect a digital voltmeter between the "B" terminal of the alternator and ground. Connect the (+) lead of the voltmeter to the "B" terminal of the alternator. Connect the (-) lead to good ground or the battery (-) terminal.

E.	Disconnect the alternator output wire from the alternator "B" terminal.

F.	Connect a DC ammeter (0 to 150A) in series between the "B" terminal and the disconnected output wire.Connect the (-) lead wire of the ammeter to the disconnected output wire.

G.	Connect the battery negative (-) terminal.

(2)

Test

Turn on the ignition switch and check to see that the voltmeter indicates the following value.

Voltage : Battery voltage

If it reads 0V, there is an open circuit in the wire between the alternator "B" terminal and the battery and the battery (-) terminal.

B.	Start the engine. Keep all lights and accessories off.

C.	Run the engine at a speed of about 2,500 rpm and read the voltmeter when the alternator output current drops to 10A or less

(3)

Result

If the voltmeter reading doesn't agree with thestandard value, the voltage regulator or thealternator is faulty.

Regulated Voltage : 11.7 ~ 15.3V

B.	If the voltmeter reading doesn't agree with thestandard value, the voltage regulator or thealternator is faulty.

C.	Disconnect the battery negative (-) terminal.

D.	Remove the voltmeter and ammeter.

E.	Connect the alternator output wire to the alternator "B" terminal.

F.	Connect the battery negative (-) terminal.

Electrical Specified Value Inspection (Using the Voltmeter and Clamp type Ammeter)

Voltage Drop Test Of Alternator Output Wire

This test determines whether or not the wiring between the alternator "B" terminal and the battery (+) terminal is good by the voltage drop method.

(1)

Preparation

A.	Turn the ignition switch to "OFF".

B.	Install the clamp type ammeter between battery positive (+) and alternator "B" terminal.

C.	Connect the (+) lead wire of voltmeter to the "B" terminal of alternator and the (-) lead wire of voltmeter to the (+) terminal of battery.

(2)

Test

A.	Start the engine.

B.	Turn on the headlamps and blower motor, and set the engine speed until the ammeter indicates 20A.And then, read the voltmeter at this time.

(3)

Result

The voltmeter may indicate the standard value.

Standard value : 0.2V max

C.	Upon completion of the test, set the engine speed at idle.Turn off the headlamps, blower motor and the ignition switch.

Output Current Test

This test determines whether or not the alternator gives an output current that is equivalent to the normal output.

(1)

Preparation

Prior to the test, check the following items and correct as necessary.

Check the battery installed in the vehicle to ensure that it is good condition. The battery checking method is described in the section "Battery".

The battery that is used to test the output current should be one that has been partially discharged.

With a fully charged battery, the test may not be conducted correctly due to an insufficient load.

Check the tension of the alternator drive belt. The belt tension check method is described in the section "Inspect drive belt".

B.	Turn off the ignition switch.

C.	Disconnect the battery negative (-) terminal.

D.	Install the clamp type ammeter between battery positive (+) and alternator "B" terminal.

Connect a DC ammeter (0 to 150A) in series between the "B" terminal and the disconnected output wire. Be sure to connect the (-) lead wire of the ammeter to the disconnected output wire.

•	Tighten each connection securely, as a heavy current will flow. Do not rely on clips.

F.	Connect a voltmeter (0 to 20V) between the "B" terminal and ground. Connect the (+) lead wire to the alternator "B" terminal and (-) lead wire to a good ground.

G.	Connect the battery negative (-) terminal.

H.	Leave the engine hood open.

(2)

Test

A.	Check to see that the voltmeter reads as the same value as the battery voltage. If the voltmeter reads 0V, and the open circuit in the wire between alternator "B" terminal and battery (+) terminal or poor grounding is suspected.

B.	Start the engine and turn on the headlamps.

Set the headlamps to high beam and the heater blower switch to HIGH, quickly increase the engine speed to 2,500 rpm and read the maximum output current value indicated by the ammeter.

•	After the engine start up, the charging current quickly drops. Therefore, the above operation must be done quickly to read the maximum current value correctly.

(3)

Result

Schematic Diagrams

Circuit Diagram ...

Troubleshooting

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